MechanicsRisk & limits

Risk, Limits, and Concentration Framework

This page describes how attn thinks about risk and limits on revenue-backed positions. It is an operator-led framework in early versions of the protocol.

It covers:

  • what risks are relevant,
  • how facility sizes and limits are set,
  • how concentration and portfolio caps are managed,
  • and how losses are handled.

1. Risk types

attn focuses on a small set of core risks:

  • Revenue risk – volatility or decline of the underlying revenues.
  • Counterparty / execution risk – teams disappearing, misusing funds, or breaching terms.
  • Concentration risk – too much exposure to one project, sector, or launchpad.
  • Tenor / liquidity risk – advances or lines that are too long relative to how quickly losses can be realised.
  • Stablecoin / infra risk – issues with the stablecoins or infra used by the vault (including Exponent Finance’s SY contracts for PT/YT and Squads Safe for revenue account custody).

Other risks (program, chain-level, legal) are acknowledged but treated separately.

2. Facility-level limits

For each project / facility, attn sets:

  • a maximum limit (notional) per project,
  • a maximum advance size per position,
  • maximum revenue share and maximum tenor per position.

Initial limits are constrained by:

  • observed revenue history (level and volatility),
  • quality and redundancy of the revenue account wiring,
  • team and launchpad track record,
  • and overall portfolio utilisation.

These limits are operator-set in early versions and adjusted based on performance and stress tests.

3. Portfolio-level limits

At the portfolio level, attn maintains caps on:

  • name concentration – max % of NAV in any single project,
  • launchpad / ecosystem concentration – max % per launchpad or vertical,
  • tenor buckets – how much of the book can sit in >3m, >6m, etc.,
  • seniority – mix of senior vs more subordinated positions.

New positions are only approved if they fit within these caps. Otherwise they are resized, re-priced, or declined.

4. Losses, recoveries, and any buffers

Losses primarily hit YT holders (i.e. attnUSD LPs), via lower NAV:

  • if a position falls short of R_target, the shortfall is recognised as a loss,
  • recoveries (late revenue, collateral realisation) are credited back to NAV when and if they materialise.

In later phases, the protocol may add explicit buffers / insurance funds funded from fees.

Those are out of scope for the initial version and will be documented separately if/when live.

5. Who sets and updates parameters

In early versions, risk and limits are set by the core operator / risk team:

  • parameter changes are reflected in code and in public docs,
  • material changes (e.g. new max tenors, facility size bands) are announced.

If and when the protocol moves to a more decentralised governance model, this page will be updated to reflect that process. Until then, assume a conservative, operator-led risk framework focused on short maturities and diversified exposure.